Nickel ore and mineral: in the modern technical and economic conditions, those can carry on the processing in industrial scale, extraction metal or raw product mineral aggregate called ore, those mineral which can useful for human beings called the useful minerals. But the content is too low, unfavorable to industrial scale process called gangue, gangue namely waste rock. So ore is consists of two components, useful minerals and gangue.
The content of nickel in the crust is about 0.02%, which is equivalent to two times of adding up copper, lead and zinc three metals, but integrated available for mining nickel deposit is not much. Due to the grade low of nickel mining from the ore, most nickel concentrate can be used for smelting must be approved by dressing.
Nickel is usually divided into three categories: nickel sulfide ore, ore and nickel arsenide. The nickel arsenide containing nickel minerals is red nickel ore, arsenic nickel and bright arsenic nickel ore, etc, this kind of mineral only have a small amount of output in north Africa Morocco, at present from nickel arsenide mention nickel is limited to individual countries. The world nickel production about 70% come from nickel sulfide ore, 30% come from nickel oxide ore. In China, the proportion of nickel sulfide ore is more greater.
Nickel is the last metal elements in the periodic table of transition metal iron, by close oxygen turn to close sulfur slowly, so nickel and cobalt in nature is the main show in sulfide, have advantages in all of the nickel pyrrhotite, but in pyrite, the cobalt content is higher. Nickel sulfide ore usually mainly contains copper which is always in the form of chalcopyrite, so nickel sulphide ore often called copper and nickel sulphide ore, another sulphide ore containing cobalt and platinum group metal. The average amount of copper and nickel sulfide ores containing nickel have great change. Copper and nickel sulphide ore can be classified into two categories: density lump ore and immersion disseminated spalling. From the point of processing, this classification is convenient for all kinds of ore for the next treatment. Lean nickel immersion spalling direct close to beneficiation workshop processing, and the density lump ore which contain high nickel power is directly sent to melting or by magnetic separation. The characteristic of copper and nickel sulphide ore is milk hard, difficult to break, and won’t burst when it is hot, its reason is that the sulfide ore is mainly magnetic pyrite.
Nickel sulfide concentrate and copper sulfide nickel concentrate: at present, China's nickel mine mostly produce copper sulfide nickel mineral. The valuable metals, copper and nickel ore containing quantity is very low, the change is great. This ore smelting directly is energy dissipation, economic is not cost effective, so after the ore mined, it should be processed, a large number of gangue in ore dressing methods to get rid of impurity, and then get contains valence metal quantity of high concentrate again into the metallurgical furnace to produce copper, and nickel and other metal powder.
For nickel quantity is greater than 7% of copper and nickel ore can be directly sent to smelt; Less than 3% need separation enrichment. Disseminated spalling general with a priority or comprehensive floating first and get nickel sulfide concentrate or copper sulfide nickel concentrate. Comprehensive flotation is suitable for processing high nickel quantity of ore and small-scale enterprises, then copper and nickel chosen together for copper and nickel concentrate, do not need to set up another copper factory to separate smelting copper concentrate.
Lean ore dressing process consists of three sections of ball mill, two stage flotation. The second estimate, the second section of ball mill will ore grinding to 0.074 mm 60% after flotation, the frist time of roughing, a selected from copper and nickel concentrate. A rougher tailings to grind - 0.074 mm 70% after into two stage flotation, the once selected, two times of scavenging, a selected to copper and nickel concentrate. Of scavenging foam then through two selected and to copper and nickel concentrate. Run of mine ore containing 0.5% nickel, copper and nickel concentrate containing nickel 3.5%, recovery rate 50%.
A series of rich ore dressing process consists of three sections of ball mill, two stage flotation. Will ore grinding to 0.074 mm 70% after the first paragraph flotation by one roughing, a selected copper and nickel concentrate, roughing mill tailings again to 0.074 mm accounted for 80% of the second period of flotation, via a roughing and two times of cleaning to copper and nickel concentrate. The second section roughing tailings then through roughing, scavenging and selected to sulfur concentrate. Run of mine ore containing 1.75% nickel, copper and nickel concentrate containing nickel 6.5% - 7.0%, the recovery is 89% - 90%.
Source:http://www.mhcmp.com
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